Assessing the impact of climate change on water quality of Tien river and Hau river in An Giang province

Abstract

An Giang province is located at the source of the Mekong River Delta, is a province with great advantages in agricultural and industrial production. In recent years, climate change has significantly affected the weather and environment in An Giang province. The problem of exploitation and use of water resources of the countries upstream of the Mekong has reduced water resources, changed the flow regime, many freshwater areas are affected by saltwater intrusion and increased pollution due to no flow. Self-cleaning ability thus greatly affects surface water quality. The zoning of water quality will have a great effect on planning, economic and environmental sustainable development. This article presents a part of the calculation results of the project "Assessment of load carrying capacity and solutions to protect water quality of rivers and canals in An Giang province". The main content of the report on assessing the zoning of water quality in An Giang province according to the WQI water quality index. Input data for calculation is based on real data measured in 2019, combined with modeling methods and building water quality maps. The results of water quality zoning on the Tien and Hau rivers through An Giang province during the period of 2019-2030 are evaluated with the scenario that if the wastewater treatment situation is not improved, the river water quality will tend to decline. Specifically, the concentration of Coliform and PO4 increased by 10-40% compared to the current situation, especially in the upstream and downstream areas of the Hau River. For the scenario where the wastewater is treated to the maximum extent according to regulations, the water quality will have a positive change, namely the concentration of PO4 and Coliform meeting Vietnamese standards, the TSS parameter has a significant decrease. In addition, the calculation results can be evaluated on each river section through different times and can be planned for discharge permits to help develop the economy of An Giang province and ensure sustainable water environment protection.